शनिवार, 9 जनवरी 2016

The Pakistan Puzzle




As the dust settles over terror attack on IAF Pathankot airbase, after the security forces killed the 6 terrorists who intruded the heavily guarded base, now the big question stares at the Indian State, what to do with Pakistan? Should India talk or not? How to engage them, in which fashion and at which level? Hawks argue that we should do some hard talk, downgrade our diplomatic relationship with Islamabad and even expel some of their diplomats. While the doves argue that doing this will be akin to playing at the hands of terror outfits, who want to derail the recently initiated dialogue process between the neighboring nations. So, despite being wounded by another terror attack, India should carry on with the proposed FS level talks later this month.

The NDA government is caught in between. Posturing as a nationalist and hawkish regime is necessary for their political survival. But keeping the engagement with neighboring and troubled nation is also necessary to please the international audience. It is also necessary to engage the unfriendly and unruly nation, which if not done so, will again be back to its mischief.



While the Pathankot terror attack was going on, EAM Sushma Swaraj met with some seasoned ex diplomats to consult about relationship with Paksitan. How to deal with it? What to do with the dialogue process in the wake of this horrendous terror act. But, this meeting also failed to clear the confusion. So now we are in the state of stalemate.

Post the Pathankot attack, India has given Pakistan some evidences which establish link of terrorist with Pakistan. India has also shared some actionable intelligence with Islamabad to act upon. NSAs of both nations are in constant touch as was agreed a month ago, during the meeting in Bangkok. Pakistan’s PM Nawaz Sharif had rang PM Modi to convey his condolences and has assured to act upon the evidences and leads given by India. Nawaz has chaired two back to back meetings regarding this with all powerful army chief General Raheel Sharif in attendance. Pakistan media has reported that police of Pakistan’s Punjab province has conducted some raids too. But, that is too little for Indian establishment to go ahead with FS level talks which are proposed just a week from now.

Indo-Pak relations have seen so much ups and downs, and they pose one of the toughest challenges to the diplomats. It has been more complicated than the Soviet-US relations during Cold War. It has been even more complicated that Sino-US relations before the famous Kissinger visit in the 70s of last century. There are more such examples of troubled relationships between two nations bogged down by mistrust. Like Cuba and the US, Iran and the US, Saudi Arabia and Iran, Israel and Arab states and many more. These intriguing relationships between nations have been posing challenges before diplomats to resolve the contentious issues and get them talking, help them move forward, instead of embroiled in permanent state of distrust and mischief.

But, Indo-Pak relations have been much more bigger challenge than the aforesaid examples. Despite living wall to wall for over seven decades, sharing a common legacy, history and culture, these two nations have never been able to shed their bitterness and distrust for each other. They fell out with each other almost from the day they separated. And have not seen better days since, despite numerous efforts by their respective leaderships from time to time.



Now this Pathankot speed breaker is not a new one. We have seen it before, six month ago during Gurdaspur terror attacks, and many more times before. The hawks may not have noticed, but both nations have belied hopes by the way of their reactions to this latest terror attack. India didn’t blame Pakistan directly. Pakistan PM has show urgency. Though most of the security analysts insist that Pakistan Army doesn’t want  better relations with India and not on board with Nawaz Sharif on the matter of relationship with India, but I feel the Sharif in olive green is as much interested in peace as his civilian counterpart. He is already fighting a fierce battle with terrorists in the disturbed western front of his nation. Terrorists are posing a challenge even in urban areas, In Punjab and Sindh states. So, it makes sense for him to ease tension on Pakistan’s eastern front so that he will be able to put more of his men against fighting terrorists. Logical it may seem but most of the Indian establishment is not ready to believe that Pathankot terror attack was planned and executed without the support of Pakistan army or its notorious intelligence arm ISI. It may be partly true. Some elements in Pakistan are stoutly opposed to talks with India. They keep working on such terror formulas to derail the talks. Likewise, in India too, some hawks oppose any move by Indian establishment to engage positively with Paksitan saying that it has a history of backstabbing. It also seems logical. It has been happening since sixties when Field Marshal Ayub launched operation Gibralter in 1965 to wrest Kashmir from India. And this back stabbing by Pakistan has seen its manifestations in several shades. Pathankot is latest one.

Again the question arises, what to do with Pakistan? Answer to it lies not with Pakistan’s behavior, but with India’s preparedness and some out of the box ideas. India needs to upgrade its security and intelligence apparatus to meet and overpower the challenges, Pakistan’s deep states poses for it. Our intelligence gathering system has become obsolete. Multiple agencies and lack of co ordination among them makes the situation more complicated. This needs to be addressed as urgently as possible and it needs a makeover. Also quick sharing of information and strength during the time of crisis needs to be ramped up. Our security forces have shown the wherewithal to deal with terrorists attacks time and again. What we are lacking is our capacity to preempt them. This can be done only be applying modern, co-ordinated intelligence gathering and sensitizing the state apparatus accordingly, especially in frontline states like Punjab, Jammu Kashmir, Gujarat and Rajasthan.

You can firmly deal with an intriguing enemy like Pakistan with only from a position of strength. The US engaged with Soviets and China continuously, especially during crisis and also carried on with its aggressive security agenda. This it could do because of its good intelligence security system. Britain also did during its global dominance period. Russia and China also continue to do so. Disengaging isn’t an option. So, we have to talk with Pakistan, time and again. Even after more such terror acts. But we have to prepare ourselves to preempt such attacks. We have to be ready for such guerilla warfare of our enemy. Engaging with the enemy is most important to keep it on tenterhook. In these days of globalization we also need to make efforts to make Pakistan’s growth and development connected with ours. Wars can’t be always won by cannons. We need to learn that we can win them economically. Like US did with Cuba and Iran and earlier with China. Now US and Chinese economies are so intertwined that, both the nations can’t afford to rake up tension beyond a point. India needs to make such investments in Pakistan, so that any terror attack will carry a huge price tag that has to be paid by Pakistan state, its people. We need to integrate them more economically so that another terror attack leads to crippling of their economic system. Only such positions of strength with India will force Pakistan to shed its intrigues vis a vis India. And the rest of the work will be ably done by our diplomats. Diplomacy can’t work when the state has no leverage over the party with which they are going to engage.


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